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gpt-5-1-thinking[edit | edit source]

User: Cities are the engines of India's future growth, innovation, and job creation.[edit | edit source]

Cities are the engines of India's future growth, innovation, and job creation. Just 15 urban hubs contribute 30% of India's GDP. These fifteen cities alone Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Coimbatore, Noida/Greater Noida, Kochi, Gurugram, Vishakhapatnam, and Nagpur - will drive India's

ability to become a 30 + trillion economy by 2047, facilitating an extra 1.5% of growth. Good Muncipal governance of these cities is critical.

Look up the budget of these 15 civic bodies for any fiscal year

And then calculate that as a fraction of the total fiscal budget of india (state+centre combined) i think its around 700B usd or something.

Find accurate numbers and calculate

Assistant: Short answer: across these 15 “engine” cities, you’re looking at ₹1.46 lakh crore of civic / development authority budg…[edit | edit source]

Short answer: across these 15 “engine” cities, you’re looking at ~₹1.46 lakh crore of civic / development authority budgets versus a combined Centre+States budget of ~₹92.6 lakh crore – i.e. about 1.6% of total public spending.

Details below so you can sanity-check the numbers.

1. Budgets of the 15 civic bodies (any recent FY)[edit | edit source]

All figures in ₹ crore, mostly FY 2023-24 (one or two nearby years where that’s what’s available). I’m using total budget / total expenditure, not just revenue side.

1. Western + Southern metros[edit | edit source]
  • Mumbai – Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) FY 2023-24 BMC budget: ₹52,619 crore. The Indian Express[2]
  • Delhi – Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) We don’t get a clean published number for 2023-24, but the House passed an MCD budget of ₹16,683 crore for 2024-25, with 2023-24 estimates approved alongside it. I’ll use ₹16,683 crore as a reasonable size proxy. The Economic Times[3]
  • Bengaluru – Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) FY 2023-24: BBMP’s approved budget was ₹11,157.83 crore. Hindustan Times[4]
  • Chennai – Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC) FY 2023-24: Revenue expenditure budget pegged at ₹4,466.29 crore (revenue receipts ~₹4,131.70 crore). I’m taking ₹4,466 crore as the civic outlay. appolosupport.com[5]
  • Hyderabad – Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) FY 2023-24: GHMC budget a little over ₹6,224 crore. The Times of India[6]
  • Kochi – Kochi Municipal Corporation FY 2023-24 budget statement shows total expenditure of ₹10,753,044,152 ≈ ₹1,075 crore. Kochin corporation[7]
  • Coimbatore – Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation (CCMC) For FY 2022-23 (latest easily parsed): total expenditure ₹2,337.28 crore, revenue ₹2,317.97 crore. I’ll use ₹2,337 crore. Scribd[8]
2. Western industrial / commercial hubs[edit | edit source]
  • Ahmedabad – Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) AMC’s own statement (via news report) notes its annual budget in 2023-24 is ₹8,111 crore. The Times of India[9]
  • Pune – Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) FY 2023-24: PMC budget ₹9,515 crore. Hindustan Times[10]
  • Surat – Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) FY 2023-24 final SMC budget: ₹7,848 crore. The Indian Express[11]
  • Nagpur – Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) FY 2023-24 draft civic budget: ₹3,336.84 crore (with estimated expenditure ~₹3,267.63 crore). I’ll use ₹3,336.84 crore. The Times of India[12]
3. Eastern + coastal metros[edit | edit source]
  • Kolkata – Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) FY 2023-24 budget: estimated receipts ₹4,540.79 crore, expenditure ₹4,686.79 crore. I’ll use ₹4,686.79 crore. Scribd[13]
  • Visakhapatnam – Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) GVMC is described as having an annual budget of nearly ₹5,000 crore over 2019-20 to 2023-24. I’ll take ₹5,000 crore as an approximate budget size. The Times of India[14]
4. NCR satellites & development authorities[edit | edit source]

For Noida/Greater Noida there aren’t classic “municipal corporations”, but development authorities that are the de-facto civic spenders. I’m counting those – that’s actually more generous to the “cities share”.

  • Noida – New Okhla Industrial Development Authority (Noida Authority) FY 2023-24: board-approved budget ₹6,920 crore (with expenditure target ~₹6,503 crore). ThePrint[15]
  • Greater Noida – Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority (GNIDA) FY 2023-24: approved budget ₹4,378 crore. The Economic Times[16]
  • Gurugram – Municipal Corporation of Gurugram (MCG) Article on MCG finances notes that the 2023-24 budget projected expenditure of ₹2,074.6 crore and revenue of ₹2,802.6 crore. I’ll use ₹2,074.6 crore as the spending side. The Times of India[17]
  • Noida/Greater Noida combined: ₹6,920 + 4,378 ≈ 11,298 crore.

5. Putting all 15 together[edit | edit source]

Let me just add them (all in ₹ crore; rounding where needed):

  • Mumbai (BMC) – 52,619
  • Delhi (MCD, 2024-25 proxy) – 16,683
  • Bengaluru (BBMP) – 11,157.83
  • Chennai (GCC) – 4,466.29
  • Hyderabad (GHMC) – 6,224
  • Kolkata (KMC) – 4,686.79
  • Ahmedabad (AMC) – 8,111
  • Pune (PMC) – 9,515
  • Surat (SMC) – 7,848
  • Coimbatore (CCMC, 2022-23) – 2,337.28
  • Kochi – 1,075.3
  • Gurugram (MCG) – 2,074.6
  • Visakhapatnam (GVMC, approx) – 5,000
  • Noida Authority – 6,920
  • Greater Noida Authority – 4,378
  • Nagpur (NMC) – 3,336.84

Total = ₹146,432.93 crore = ₹1.464 lakh crore (since 1 lakh crore = 100,000 crore).

(That’s ~$17.6 billion at an exchange rate of ~₹83/USD.)

6. What is “total fiscal budget of India (State + Centre)”?[edit | edit source]

Union government[edit | edit source]

For FY 2023-24 (Budget Estimates), the Union government’s total expenditure is ₹45,03,097 crore, i.e. ₹45.03 lakh crore. PRS Legislative Research[18]

All state governments[edit | edit source]

A State Bank of India analysis of state finances notes that “total expenditure of states is budgeted to grow to ₹47.6 lakh crore in FY23”, from ₹42.63 lakh crore in FY22. SBI Bank[19]

That’s the latest clear aggregate rupee figure for all states combined that’s easy to pull out. It’s FY 2022-23, but states don’t jump wildly year-to-year; 2023-24 will be in the same ballpark, just a bit higher.

So, as a reasonable combined figure around 2023:

  • States (all) ≈ ₹47.6 lakh crore
  • Union (2023-24 BE) ≈ ₹45.0 lakh crore

Combined Centre + States ≈ ₹92.6 lakh crore of budgeted expenditure.

In rupees and dollars:

  • ₹92.6 lakh crore = ₹92.6 × 10⁵ crore = ₹92.6 trillion
  • At ~₹83 / USD, that’s ≈ $1.12 trillion of public spending per year.

So your “~$700B” mental number is on the low side; it’s closer to $1.1T.

7. Fraction: 15 civic budgets vs India’s total budget[edit | edit source]

Now:

  • Fifteen civic bodies combined: ₹1.464 lakh crore
  • Centre + all states combined: ₹92.6 lakh crore (approx)

Fraction:

share=1.46492.6≈0.0158≈1.6%\text{share} = \frac{1.464}{92.6} \approx 0.0158 \approx 1.6\%share=92.61.464​≈0.0158≈1.6% So:

These 15 city civic bodies together only control ≈ 1.5–1.6% of total government budgeted spending in India.

That’s despite those metros accounting for ~30% of GDP and being the main growth / jobs engines.

8. Caveats (so you know what’s “approx” and what’s solid)[edit | edit source]

  • Years don’t perfectly line up. Most civic budgets are 2023-24, some (Coimbatore) are 2022-23, and for Delhi MCD I had to use 2024-25 because that’s the clearest published number. On the denominator side, states’ aggregate (₹47.6 lakh crore) is FY23, Union is FY24 (BE).
  • Development authorities vs municipalities. For Noida/Greater Noida, we’re using Noida Authority + GNIDA, which are industrial development authorities, not classic municipalities. Including them inflates the city-side total a bit, if anything.
  • GVMC number is approximate. The source literally says “annual budget of nearly ₹5,000 crore”; I’ve taken ₹5,000 crore at face value. The Times of India[20]
  • Centre+state combined is an estimate. There isn’t a single “official” consolidated BE number in one line item; I’ve added (a) Union total expenditure and (b) best available aggregate state expenditure from RBI/SBI-type sources.

Given those caveats, 1.6% should be read as a good ballpark, not a sacred number. Real value is probably somewhere in the 1.3–2.0% range, but nowhere near 5–10%.

If you want, next step could be: pick one benchmark year (say 2022-23), line up all 15 cities’ 2022-23 budgets only, and recompute to tighten the estimate.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Budget analysis of Indian cities". ChatGPT. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  2. ↑ "The Indian Express". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  3. ↑ "The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  4. ↑ "Hindustan Times". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  5. ↑ "appolosupport.com" (PDF). appolosupport.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  6. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  7. ↑ "Kochin corporation" (PDF). Kochin corporation. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  8. ↑ "Scribd". scribd.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  9. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  10. ↑ "Hindustan Times". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  11. ↑ "The Indian Express". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  12. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  13. ↑ "Scribd". scribd.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  14. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  15. ↑ "ThePrint". theprint.in. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  16. ↑ "The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  17. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  18. ↑ "PRS Legislative Research". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  19. ↑ "SBI Bank". SBI Bank. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  20. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
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