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gpt-5-1-thinking edit

User: Cities are the engines of India's future growth, innovation, and job creation. edit

Cities are the engines of India's future growth, innovation, and job creation. Just 15 urban hubs contribute 30% of India's GDP. These fifteen cities alone Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Coimbatore, Noida/Greater Noida, Kochi, Gurugram, Vishakhapatnam, and Nagpur - will drive India's

ability to become a 30 + trillion economy by 2047, facilitating an extra 1.5% of growth. Good Muncipal governance of these cities is critical.

Look up the budget of these 15 civic bodies for any fiscal year

And then calculate that as a fraction of the total fiscal budget of india (state+centre combined) i think its around 700B usd or something.

Find accurate numbers and calculate

Assistant: Short answer: across these 15 “engine” cities, you’re looking at ₹1.46 lakh crore of civic / development authority budg… edit

Short answer: across these 15 “engine” cities, you’re looking at ~₹1.46 lakh crore of civic / development authority budgets versus a combined Centre+States budget of ~₹92.6 lakh crore – i.e. about 1.6% of total public spending.

Details below so you can sanity-check the numbers.

1. Budgets of the 15 civic bodies (any recent FY) edit

All figures in ₹ crore, mostly FY 2023-24 (one or two nearby years where that’s what’s available). I’m using total budget / total expenditure, not just revenue side.

1. Western + Southern metros edit
  • Mumbai – Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) FY 2023-24 BMC budget: ₹52,619 crore. The Indian Express[2]
  • Delhi – Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) We don’t get a clean published number for 2023-24, but the House passed an MCD budget of ₹16,683 crore for 2024-25, with 2023-24 estimates approved alongside it. I’ll use ₹16,683 crore as a reasonable size proxy. The Economic Times[3]
  • Bengaluru – Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) FY 2023-24: BBMP’s approved budget was ₹11,157.83 crore. Hindustan Times[4]
  • Chennai – Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC) FY 2023-24: Revenue expenditure budget pegged at ₹4,466.29 crore (revenue receipts ~₹4,131.70 crore). I’m taking ₹4,466 crore as the civic outlay. appolosupport.com[5]
  • Hyderabad – Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) FY 2023-24: GHMC budget a little over ₹6,224 crore. The Times of India[6]
  • Kochi – Kochi Municipal Corporation FY 2023-24 budget statement shows total expenditure of ₹10,753,044,152 ≈ ₹1,075 crore. Kochin corporation[7]
  • Coimbatore – Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation (CCMC) For FY 2022-23 (latest easily parsed): total expenditure ₹2,337.28 crore, revenue ₹2,317.97 crore. I’ll use ₹2,337 crore. Scribd[8]
2. Western industrial / commercial hubs edit
  • Ahmedabad – Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) AMC’s own statement (via news report) notes its annual budget in 2023-24 is ₹8,111 crore. The Times of India[9]
  • Pune – Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) FY 2023-24: PMC budget ₹9,515 crore. Hindustan Times[10]
  • Surat – Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) FY 2023-24 final SMC budget: ₹7,848 crore. The Indian Express[11]
  • Nagpur – Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) FY 2023-24 draft civic budget: ₹3,336.84 crore (with estimated expenditure ~₹3,267.63 crore). I’ll use ₹3,336.84 crore. The Times of India[12]
3. Eastern + coastal metros edit
  • Kolkata – Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) FY 2023-24 budget: estimated receipts ₹4,540.79 crore, expenditure ₹4,686.79 crore. I’ll use ₹4,686.79 crore. Scribd[13]
  • Visakhapatnam – Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) GVMC is described as having an annual budget of nearly ₹5,000 crore over 2019-20 to 2023-24. I’ll take ₹5,000 crore as an approximate budget size. The Times of India[14]
4. NCR satellites & development authorities edit

For Noida/Greater Noida there aren’t classic “municipal corporations”, but development authorities that are the de-facto civic spenders. I’m counting those – that’s actually more generous to the “cities share”.

  • Noida – New Okhla Industrial Development Authority (Noida Authority) FY 2023-24: board-approved budget ₹6,920 crore (with expenditure target ~₹6,503 crore). ThePrint[15]
  • Greater Noida – Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority (GNIDA) FY 2023-24: approved budget ₹4,378 crore. The Economic Times[16]
  • Gurugram – Municipal Corporation of Gurugram (MCG) Article on MCG finances notes that the 2023-24 budget projected expenditure of ₹2,074.6 crore and revenue of ₹2,802.6 crore. I’ll use ₹2,074.6 crore as the spending side. The Times of India[17]
  • Noida/Greater Noida combined: ₹6,920 + 4,378 ≈ 11,298 crore.

5. Putting all 15 together edit

Let me just add them (all in ₹ crore; rounding where needed):

  • Mumbai (BMC) – 52,619
  • Delhi (MCD, 2024-25 proxy) – 16,683
  • Bengaluru (BBMP) – 11,157.83
  • Chennai (GCC) – 4,466.29
  • Hyderabad (GHMC) – 6,224
  • Kolkata (KMC) – 4,686.79
  • Ahmedabad (AMC) – 8,111
  • Pune (PMC) – 9,515
  • Surat (SMC) – 7,848
  • Coimbatore (CCMC, 2022-23) – 2,337.28
  • Kochi – 1,075.3
  • Gurugram (MCG) – 2,074.6
  • Visakhapatnam (GVMC, approx) – 5,000
  • Noida Authority – 6,920
  • Greater Noida Authority – 4,378
  • Nagpur (NMC) – 3,336.84

Total = ₹146,432.93 crore = ₹1.464 lakh crore (since 1 lakh crore = 100,000 crore).

(That’s ~$17.6 billion at an exchange rate of ~₹83/USD.)

6. What is “total fiscal budget of India (State + Centre)”? edit

Union government edit

For FY 2023-24 (Budget Estimates), the Union government’s total expenditure is ₹45,03,097 crore, i.e. ₹45.03 lakh crore. PRS Legislative Research[18]

All state governments edit

A State Bank of India analysis of state finances notes that “total expenditure of states is budgeted to grow to ₹47.6 lakh crore in FY23”, from ₹42.63 lakh crore in FY22. SBI Bank[19]

That’s the latest clear aggregate rupee figure for all states combined that’s easy to pull out. It’s FY 2022-23, but states don’t jump wildly year-to-year; 2023-24 will be in the same ballpark, just a bit higher.

So, as a reasonable combined figure around 2023:

  • States (all) ≈ ₹47.6 lakh crore
  • Union (2023-24 BE) ≈ ₹45.0 lakh crore

Combined Centre + States ≈ ₹92.6 lakh crore of budgeted expenditure.

In rupees and dollars:

  • ₹92.6 lakh crore = ₹92.6 × 10⁵ crore = ₹92.6 trillion
  • At ~₹83 / USD, that’s ≈ $1.12 trillion of public spending per year.

So your “~$700B” mental number is on the low side; it’s closer to $1.1T.

7. Fraction: 15 civic budgets vs India’s total budget edit

Now:

  • Fifteen civic bodies combined: ₹1.464 lakh crore
  • Centre + all states combined: ₹92.6 lakh crore (approx)

Fraction:

share=1.46492.6≈0.0158≈1.6%\text{share} = \frac{1.464}{92.6} \approx 0.0158 \approx 1.6\%share=92.61.464​≈0.0158≈1.6% So:

These 15 city civic bodies together only control ≈ 1.5–1.6% of total government budgeted spending in India.

That’s despite those metros accounting for ~30% of GDP and being the main growth / jobs engines.

8. Caveats (so you know what’s “approx” and what’s solid) edit

  • Years don’t perfectly line up. Most civic budgets are 2023-24, some (Coimbatore) are 2022-23, and for Delhi MCD I had to use 2024-25 because that’s the clearest published number. On the denominator side, states’ aggregate (₹47.6 lakh crore) is FY23, Union is FY24 (BE).
  • Development authorities vs municipalities. For Noida/Greater Noida, we’re using Noida Authority + GNIDA, which are industrial development authorities, not classic municipalities. Including them inflates the city-side total a bit, if anything.
  • GVMC number is approximate. The source literally says “annual budget of nearly ₹5,000 crore”; I’ve taken ₹5,000 crore at face value. The Times of India[20]
  • Centre+state combined is an estimate. There isn’t a single “official” consolidated BE number in one line item; I’ve added (a) Union total expenditure and (b) best available aggregate state expenditure from RBI/SBI-type sources.

Given those caveats, 1.6% should be read as a good ballpark, not a sacred number. Real value is probably somewhere in the 1.3–2.0% range, but nowhere near 5–10%.

If you want, next step could be: pick one benchmark year (say 2022-23), line up all 15 cities’ 2022-23 budgets only, and recompute to tighten the estimate.

References edit

  1. ↑ "Budget analysis of Indian cities". ChatGPT. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  2. ↑ "The Indian Express". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  3. ↑ "The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  4. ↑ "Hindustan Times". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  5. ↑ "appolosupport.com" (PDF). appolosupport.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  6. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  7. ↑ "Kochin corporation" (PDF). Kochin corporation. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  8. ↑ "Scribd". scribd.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  9. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  10. ↑ "Hindustan Times". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  11. ↑ "The Indian Express". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  12. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  13. ↑ "Scribd". scribd.com. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  14. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  15. ↑ "ThePrint". theprint.in. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  16. ↑ "The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  17. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  18. ↑ "PRS Legislative Research". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  19. ↑ "SBI Bank". SBI Bank. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
  20. ↑ "The Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2025-12-04.
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