Title: Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120 - freem

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Markdown Content:
_This conversation was exported from ChatGPT_[[1]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-1)

## gpt-5[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: gpt-5")

### User: open defecation in the world, in Africa and Ethiopiabetter to be supported in inmage[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: User: open defecation in the world, in Africa and Ethiopiabetter to be supported in inmage")

open defecation in the world, in Africa and Ethiopia(better to be supported in inmage

### Assistant:![https://ourworldindata\.org/grapher/people\-practicing\-open\-defecation\-of\-population\.pnghttps://images.openai.com…](https://ourworldindata%5C.org/grapher/people%5C-practicing%5C-open%5C-defecation%5C-of%5C-population%5C.pnghttps://images.openai.com%E2%80%A6)[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Assistant: !https://ourworldindata\.org/grapher/people\-practicing\-open\-defecation\-of\-population\.pnghttps://images.openai.com…")

![https://ourworldindata\.org/grapher/people\-practicing\-open\-defecation\-of\-population\.png](https://ourworldindata%5C.org/grapher/people%5C-practicing%5C-open%5C-defecation%5C-of%5C-population%5C.png)[[2]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-2) ![https://media\.springernature\.com/lw1200/springer\-static/image/art%3A10\.1186%2F1471\-2458\-13\-527/MediaObjects/12889\_2012\_Article\_5448\_Fig2\_HTML\.jpg](https://media%5C.springernature%5C.com/lw1200/springer%5C-static/image/art%3A10%5C.1186%2F1471%5C-2458%5C-13%5C-527/MediaObjects/12889%5C_2012%5C_Article%5C_5448%5C_Fig2%5C_HTML%5C.jpg)[[3]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-3) ![https://www\.voronoiapp\.com/\_next/image?q=85&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn\.voronoiapp\.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8349cc4a\-8683\-4fce\-9721\-796b7425ff6e\.webp&w=3840](https://www%5C.voronoiapp%5C.com/%5C_next/image?q=85&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn%5C.voronoiapp%5C.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8349cc4a%5C-8683%5C-4fce%5C-9721%5C-796b7425ff6e%5C.webp&w=3840)[[4]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-4) ![https://media\.springernature\.com/lw685/springer\-static/image/art%3A10\.1186%2Fs12889\-024\-19222\-1/MediaObjects/12889\_2024\_19222\_Fig5\_HTML\.png](https://media%5C.springernature%5C.com/lw685/springer%5C-static/image/art%3A10%5C.1186%2Fs12889%5C-024%5C-19222%5C-1/MediaObjects/12889%5C_2024%5C_19222%5C_Fig5%5C_HTML%5C.png)[[5]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-5)

Here’s what I found on open defecation globally, in Africa, and in Ethiopia, with some maps and stats. If you want, I can get high-resolution data or more recent figures.

#### Key Facts & Figures[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Key Facts & Figures")

##### Global[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Global")

*   About 420 million people still practise open defecation worldwide as of around 2023. That’s roughly 5% of the global population. World Bank Blogs[[6]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-6)
*   Since 2000, open defecation has dropped significantly (by ~68%) globally. World Bank Blogs[[7]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-7)

##### Africa / Sub-Saharan Africa[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Africa / Sub-Saharan Africa")

*   Open defecation is especially still a problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The Conversation[[8]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-8)
*   The pooled prevalence of open defecation in sub-Saharan Africa is about 22.6% (with large variation between countries, from under 1% in some, up to ~70% in others). BioMed Central[[9]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-9)
*   Many of those practising open defecation are in rural, poorer, less educated communities. Poverty, lack of infrastructure, and uneven access to water are key factors. BioMed Central[[10]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-10)

##### Ethiopia[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Ethiopia")

*   Big improvement: Ethiopia reduced open defecation from about 82% to 29% over the MDG period. UNICEF[[11]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-11)
*   Yet despite that progress, safely managed sanitation (toilets where waste is safely disposed or treated) is low: only about 7% of households in Ethiopia have safely managed sanitation. UNICEF[[12]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-12)
*   The PMA-ET (Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia) 2021 study predicts that some regions—especially Afar, Somali, Tigray, and parts of Amhara—still have high rates of open defecation. SpringerLink[[13]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_note-13)

If you like, I can send a map showing Ethiopia by region with open defecation levels, or show trends over time. Do you want that?

## References[edit](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Openai/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: References")

1.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-1 "Jump up")["Open defecation statistics"](https://chatgpt.com/share/68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120). ChatGPT. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
2.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-2 "Jump up")["https://ourworldindata\.org/grapher/people\-practicing\-open\-defecation\-of\-population\.png"](https://images.openai.com/thumbnails/url/Nqv8oXicu1mSUVJSUGylr5-al1xUWVCSmqJbkpRnoJdeXJJYkpmsl5yfq5-Zm5ieWmxfaAuUsXL0S7F0Tw42CgjICg_xNfJJdq0oNvHOSfUONcsMyTbPS0vxKHFz8kgtSS3LTPfyTYwIyw3VzcurqPDNdfLzMTDJC1QrBgAaYSoQ). images.openai.com. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
3.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-3 "Jump up")["https://media\.springernature\.com/lw1200/springer\-static/image/art%3A10\.1186%2F1471\-2458\-13\-527/MediaObjects/12889\_2012\_Article\_5448\_Fig2\_HTML\.jpg"](https://images.openai.com/thumbnails/url/LqHWaHicu1mUUVJSUGylr5-al1xUWVCSmqJbkpRnoJdeXJJYkpmsl5yfq5-Zm5ieWmxfaAuUsXL0S7F0Tw42zY9K8s_3KDLO9DCvCsj3isgq080odS8xzDAKSvLPTPSpCIsvNPQxNHQvNw3UTYw3SDeyDA008EpTKwYAw7sobw). images.openai.com. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
4.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-4 "Jump up")["https://www\.voronoiapp\.com/\_next/image?q=85&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn\.voronoiapp\.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8349cc4a\-8683\-4fce\-9721\-796b7425ff6e\.webp&w=3840"](https://images.openai.com/thumbnails/url/X87pmXicu1mSUVJSUGylr5-al1xUWVCSmqJbkpRnoJdeXJJYkpmsl5yfq5-Zm5ieWmxfaAuUsXL0S7F0Tw5yDM009qgITIsyNrTI8nIpTQotCihxNfVw9kpLMvHLK_XL8_Qrcs5xSnd0zvMsjizMSPcsLwjwKooPKVcrBgAMxyoi). images.openai.com. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
5.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-5 "Jump up")["https://media\.springernature\.com/lw685/springer\-static/image/art%3A10\.1186%2Fs12889\-024\-19222\-1/MediaObjects/12889\_2024\_19222\_Fig5\_HTML\.png"](https://images.openai.com/thumbnails/url/ohstCnicu1mUUVJSUGylr5-al1xUWVCSmqJbkpRnoJdeXJJYkpmsl5yfq5-Zm5ieWmxfaAuUsXL0S7F0Tw4yz60IKHYydg0uLQlyD_Px8Ez1rfQ2yUvNiDcuMfHxC6m0dA-Jz0upKrU0NCyJ8vRLznW38Cv1zzNWKwYAw1Eo_g). images.openai.com. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
6.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-6 "Jump up")["World Bank Blogs"](https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/world-toilet-day-420-million-people-are-defecating-outdoors). World Bank Blogs. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
7.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-7 "Jump up")["World Bank Blogs"](https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/world-toilet-day-420-million-people-are-defecating-outdoors). World Bank Blogs. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
8.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-8 "Jump up")["The Conversation"](https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/world-toilet-day-420-million-people-are-defecating-outdoors). The Conversation. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
9.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-9 "Jump up")["BioMed Central"](https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-022-00416-5). BioMed Central. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
10.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-10 "Jump up")["BioMed Central"](https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-022-00416-5). BioMed Central. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
11.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-11 "Jump up")["UNICEF"](https://www.unicef.org/ethiopia/stories/accelerating-safely-managed-sanitation-sms-ethiopia). unicef.org. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
12.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-12 "Jump up")["UNICEF"](https://www.unicef.org/ethiopia/stories/accelerating-safely-managed-sanitation-sms-ethiopia). unicef.org. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
13.   [↑](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&title=Openai%2F68c9528b-c040-8000-b875-ef2cd570f120&veaction=edit#cite_ref-13 "Jump up")["SpringerLink"](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19222-1). link.springer.com. Retrieved 2026-01-19.