Title: Template:Citation Style documentation/url - freem

URL Source: https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl

Markdown Content:
*   **url**: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by **title** can be found. Cannot be used if **title** is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. `#ixzz2rBr3aO94` or `?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...`. For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see [WP:PAGELINKS](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:PAGELINKS&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:PAGELINKS (page does not exist)"). Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as [Amazon](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Amazon_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1 "Amazon (company) (page does not exist)"); use `|isbn=` or `|oclc=` to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message. 
    *   **access-date**: Full date when the content pointed to by **url** was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires **url**; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.[[date 1]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#cite_note-date-1)_Not required for linked documents that do not change._ For example, **access-date** is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see [WP:CITEWEB](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:CITEWEB&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:CITEWEB (page does not exist)"). Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that **access-date** is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See ["Automatic date formatting"](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#csdoc_auto-date-format) above for details about interaction with `{{use dmy dates}}` and `{{use mdy dates}}`. Can be [hidden or styled](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:Citation_Style_1/accessdate&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:Citation Style 1/accessdate (page does not exist)") by registered editors. Alias: **accessdate**.
    *   **archive-url**: The URL of an [archived](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Web_archiving&action=edit&redlink=1 "Web archiving (page does not exist)") snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as [Internet Archive](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1 "Internet Archive (page does not exist)")(see [Help:Using the Wayback Machine](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:Using_the_Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:Using the Wayback Machine (page does not exist)")) and [archive.today](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Archive.today&action=edit&redlink=1 "Archive.today (page does not exist)")(see [Help:Using archive.today](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:Using_archive.today&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:Using archive.today (page does not exist)")); requires **archive-date** and **url**. By default (overridden by `|url-status=live`) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: **archiveurl**. 
        *   **archive-date**: Archive service snapshot date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.[[date 1]](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#cite_note-date-1) Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See ["Automatic date formatting"](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#csdoc_auto-date-format) above for details about interaction with `{{use dmy dates}}` and `{{use mdy dates}}`. Alias: **archivedate**.
        *   **url-status**: A control parameter to select one of `|url=` or `|archive-url=` to link `|title=`; requires **url**_and_**archive-url**. Use `{{dead link}}` to mark dead `|url=` when there is no `|archive-url=`. Accepts multiple keywords: 
            *   `dead` – (default condition when `|url-status=` omitted or empty) selects `|archive-url=`
            *   `live` – selects `|url=`; used when `|url=` is preemptively archived with `|archive-url=`
            *   `deviated` – selects `|archive-url=`; used when `|url=` is still live but no longer supports the text in a Wikipedia article
            *   `unfit` – selects `|archive-url=`; used when `|url=` links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, malware, phishing, compromised, other malicious, or other unsuitable _page_; links to `|url=` are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead [usurpation](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:USURPURL&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:USURPURL (page does not exist)") or [blacklist](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:BLACKLIST&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:BLACKLIST (page does not exist)"). Bot help is available at [WP:URLREQ](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:URLREQ&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:URLREQ (page does not exist)")
            *   `usurped` – selects `|archive-url=`; used when the _domain_ in `|url=` no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities such as vice, reseller, malware, phishing, compromised, other malicious, and advertising sites; links to `|url=` are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at [WP:URLREQ](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=WP:URLREQ&action=edit&redlink=1 "WP:URLREQ (page does not exist)")
            *   `bot: unknown` – Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in [Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown&action=edit&redlink=1 "Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (page does not exist)") when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.

        *   **archive-format**: File format of the work referred to by **archive-url**; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the [external link icon](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:External link icons (page does not exist)") (except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include [alt text](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALT "wikipedia:ALT"); thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) See [Using |format=](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:Citation Style 1 (page does not exist)")

    *   **url-access**: See [Access indicators for url-holding parameters](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters)

*   **format**: File format of the work referred to by **url**; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after **title**. (For media format, use **type**.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the [external link icon](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:External link icons (page does not exist)") (except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include [alt text](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALT "wikipedia:ALT"); thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) See [Using |format=](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Help:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1 "Help:Citation Style 1 (page does not exist)")

URLs must begin with a supported [URI scheme](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=URI_scheme&action=edit&redlink=1 "URI scheme (page does not exist)"). `http://` and `https://` will be supported by all browsers; however, `ftp://`, `gopher://`, `irc://`, `ircs://`, `mailto:` and `news:` may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. [IPv6](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=IPv6&action=edit&redlink=1 "IPv6 (page does not exist)") host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in [citation template parameters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citation_templates#Examples "wikipedia:Citation templates") contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be [percent-encoded](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=Percent-encoded&action=edit&redlink=1 "Percent-encoded (page does not exist)"). For example, a space must be replaced by `%20`. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

| Character | space | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Encoding | %20 | %22 | %27 | %3C | %3E | %5B | %5D | %7B | %7C | %7D |

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

1.   ↑ [1.0](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#cite_ref-date_1-0)[1.1](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile&oldid=579960&title=Template%3ACitation_Style_documentation%2Furl#cite_ref-date_1-1)Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See [MOS:DATEUNIFY](https://freemwiki.com/index.php?title=MOS:DATEUNIFY&action=edit&redlink=1 "MOS:DATEUNIFY (page does not exist)").