Editing Openai/695cbbc2-66fc-800b-a35b-453e9bf11ccb


{{DISPLAYTITLE:Pop!_OS DKMS Kernel Update}}

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== gpt-5-2 ==
=== User: in pop! ===
in pop! OS

how do I
Hey guys. How to update driver in to new kernel? Like I install Ubuntu pop os and install new kernel. But if I update driver using new kernel 6.8.12 it's get error say dkms not configure to this kernel.

=== Assistant: Pop!OS + custom kernels + DKMS is one of those places where Linux stops being a pet and turns into a dragon. ===
Pop!_OS + custom kernels + DKMS is one of those places where Linux stops being a pet and turns into a dragon. Let’s tame it methodically. 🐉

You’re seeing:

: “dkms not configured for this kernel”
: after installing kernel 6.8.12 and then trying to rebuild a driver (usually NVIDIA, VirtualBox, ZFS, or some Wi-Fi module).

That error is not mystical. It means:

: DKMS cannot find headers + build tools for that kernel, so it refuses to compile the module.

Let’s walk this as an engineer would:
verify → fix prerequisites → rebuild → verify again.

I’ll assume Pop!_OS 22.04-based and kernel 6.8.12 is already installed.

==== 1️⃣ Pre-flight: verify the situation ====

===== Check which kernel is actually running =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">uname -r

</syntaxhighlight>

You should see:

<syntaxhighlight>6.8.12-xxxx

</syntaxhighlight>

===== Check which kernels are installed =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">ls /lib/modules

</syntaxhighlight>

Make sure 6.8.12-... exists here.

===== Check if headers exist =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">ls /usr/src | grep 6.8.12

</syntaxhighlight>

If nothing shows up, DKMS has nothing to compile against — that’s the core problem.

==== 2️⃣ Install the matching kernel headers ====

Pop!_OS does not automatically install headers for custom kernels.

===== If your kernel came from Ubuntu mainline: =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo apt install linux-headers-6.8.12-*

</syntaxhighlight>

If that fails:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo apt search linux-headers-6.8.12

</syntaxhighlight>

Then install the exact package name it shows.

===== If you manually installed .deb files: =====

You must also download & install the headers .deb from the same source.

Example:

<syntaxhighlight>linux-headers-6.8.12-060812-generic_*.deb

</syntaxhighlight>

Then:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-6.8.12-*.deb

</syntaxhighlight>

==== 3️⃣ Install build prerequisites (DKMS needs these) ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo apt install build-essential dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)

</syntaxhighlight>

Yes, even if you installed headers manually — this ensures toolchains are present.

==== 4️⃣ Reconfigure DKMS ====

Now that headers exist, tell DKMS to rebuild.

===== See current DKMS state =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">dkms status

</syntaxhighlight>

You’ll probably see something like:

<syntaxhighlight>nvidia/550.67, 6.8.12-xxxx, x86_64: added (not built)

</syntaxhighlight>

===== Force rebuild =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dkms autoinstall -k $(uname -r)

</syntaxhighlight>

or for a specific module:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dkms install -m <module> -v <version> -k $(uname -r)

</syntaxhighlight>

Example for NVIDIA:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dkms install -m nvidia -v 550.67 -k $(uname -r)

</syntaxhighlight>

==== 5️⃣ Rebuild initramfs (important) ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo update-initramfs -u -k $(uname -r)

</syntaxhighlight>

This ensures the newly built modules are actually loaded at boot.

==== 6️⃣ Reboot ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo reboot

</syntaxhighlight>

==== 7️⃣ Post-flight verification ====

After reboot:

===== Check kernel =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">uname -r

</syntaxhighlight>

===== Check DKMS =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">dkms status

</syntaxhighlight>

Should now say:

<syntaxhighlight>installed

</syntaxhighlight>

===== Check driver loaded (example: NVIDIA) =====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">nvidia-smi

</syntaxhighlight>

or for any module:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">lsmod | grep <module>

</syntaxhighlight>

==== Why this happens (the physics under the hood) ====

DKMS is basically a robot that:
# Finds /lib/modules/<kernel>/build
# Uses headers from /usr/src/linux-headers-<kernel>
# Compiles the module against that ABI

If step 2 is missing → DKMS refuses.

Pop!_OS normally ships kernels + headers together — but custom kernels break that assumption, so DKMS sulks.

==== TL;DR Fix ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo apt install linux-headers-6.8.12-* build-essential dkms
sudo dkms autoinstall -k $(uname -r)
sudo update-initramfs -u -k $(uname -r)
sudo reboot

</syntaxhighlight>

===== A final philosophical note 😄 =====

The kernel is the skeleton of the OS. DKMS is the immune system. If you transplant a new skeleton but forget to update the immune system’s reference anatomy, it panics and refuses to attach the organs.

That’s all that’s happening here.

If you tell me which driver is failing (NVIDIA, VirtualBox, ZFS, Realtek Wi-Fi, etc.), I can tune the exact module commands so it compiles cleanly the first time instead of arguing with the dragon. 🐲

== References ==
<references />


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