Editing Openai/691a304a-7348-8006-acb3-9a6e103bb5bc (section)

===== Incidents that posed (or could have posed) risk: =====
# 1992 – Heavy water / tritium leak - According to a Senate report, there was a leak from a heat exchanger that released 2,300 trillion becquerels of tritium into Lake Ontario. SenCanada<ref>{{cite web|title=SenCanada|url=https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/Committee/371/pdf/interim-enrg-e.pdf|publisher=sencanada.ca|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - Tritium is radioactive, and because it was released into the lake, there is a potential risk to aquatic life and possibly to humans. Clean Air Alliance<ref>{{cite web|title=Clean Air Alliance|url=https://www.cleanairalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/tritium.pdf|publisher=Clean Air Alliance|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - Environmental groups note that tritiated water “is absorbed by… animals.” Clean Air Alliance<ref>{{cite web|title=Clean Air Alliance|url=https://www.cleanairalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/tritium.pdf|publisher=Clean Air Alliance|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref>
# 1994 – Loss-of-coolant accident - On December 10, 1994, a pipe break caused a major loss of coolant (185 tonnes of heavy water), and the emergency core cooling system had to be used. SenCanada<ref>{{cite web|title=SenCanada|url=https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/Committee/371/pdf/interim-enrg-e.pdf|publisher=sencanada.ca|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - According to the Canadian Nuclear Safety / Senate report, this was serious, though there’s no clear documentation of a large-scale release of highly dangerous radionuclides to harm the public. Canada<ref>{{cite web|title=Canada|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/health-risks-safety/radiation/radiological-nuclear-emergencies/previous-incidents-accidents.html|publisher=canada.ca|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - Workers were involved in clean-up, so there was direct human exposure risk in that context. SenCanada<ref>{{cite web|title=SenCanada|url=https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/Committee/371/pdf/interim-enrg-e.pdf|publisher=sencanada.ca|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref>
# 1996 – Tritium leak - In April 1996, there was a leak that released 50 trillion becquerels of tritium into Lake Ontario, per the Senate report. SenCanada<ref>{{cite web|title=SenCanada|url=https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/Committee/371/pdf/interim-enrg-e.pdf|publisher=sencanada.ca|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - As with the 1992 leak, this presents a risk to the aquatic environment (fish, etc.) because tritiated water is biologically active. Clean Air Alliance<ref>{{cite web|title=Clean Air Alliance|url=https://www.cleanairalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/tritium.pdf|publisher=Clean Air Alliance|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref>
# 2011 – Demineralized water leak - 73,000 litres of demineralized water (with trace tritium) leaked into Lake Ontario due to a failed pump seal. CityNews Toronto<ref>{{cite web|title=CityNews Toronto|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2011/03/16/leak-of-demineralized-water-from-pickering-nuclear-station-no-threat-officials/|publisher=CityNews Toronto|date=2011-03-16|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - However, officials (Ontario Power Generation and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) stated that the radiological risk was “negligible” for both human health and the environment. CityNews Toronto<ref>{{cite web|title=CityNews Toronto|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2011/03/16/leak-of-demineralized-water-from-pickering-nuclear-station-no-threat-officials/|publisher=CityNews Toronto|date=2011-03-16|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> - The tritium concentration in the leaked water was very low compared to regulatory limits. Global News<ref>{{cite web|title=Global News|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/111308/ontario-reactor-leak-released-negligible-radiation-regulator/|publisher=Global News|access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref>