Editing Openai/67b71e2c-cc10-8008-9939-dfe494d1384d (section)

==== 1. Early Theoretical Estimates Older models (from the 1970s–1990s) sometimes suggested that electrostatic lofting could transport significantly more dust—some estimates went as high as factors of 10 to 100 more—than micrometeoroid delivery rates. However, these were often theoretical calculations based on assumed electric field strengths and dust grain sizes. ====
# Modern Measurements (e.g., LADEE) LADEE’s measurements showed that most dust detections correlated strongly with micrometeoroid impacts (these produce short-lived bursts or “spikes” of dust). LADEE did not confirm a robust, global cloud of electrostatically lofted dust. This implies that if electrostatic lofting is occurring on a large scale, it was subtle enough that LADEE’s instruments couldn’t easily isolate it.
# Different Grain Sizes One reason the numbers vary is that electrostatic lofting primarily affects very small dust grains (submicron to a few microns), while micrometeoroid impacts can loft or generate a wider range of grain sizes. Even if electrostatic processes move dust grains frequently, the total mass involved can still be small compared to micrometeorite-delivered dust.