Editing Openai/691ee85a-16f4-8004-b4c8-f358beff60b1 (section)

=== Why those documented cases don’t mean the sweeping claim is true ===
# Support ≠ “creation” of every group. In many cases states supported pre-existing groups or factions for tactical reasons (to counter another state or group). That’s very different from having created every violent organisation worldwide.
# Not all groups received foreign state support. Many extremist or terrorist organisations grew from local politics, sectarian disputes, criminal economies, ideological movements, or intra-regional rivalries without direct UK/US/Israeli founding or funding.
# Degrees and motives vary. State activity ranges from diplomatic contact, covert training and arms supplies, to direct creation or control — but examples of direct “creation” are limited and specific; they are not universal. Sometimes support was offered to secular anti-communist forces, sometimes to Islamist fighters, and sometimes assistance accidentally enabled more extreme actors.
# Accountability and declassification reveal complexity. Declassified documents and investigative reporting show episodic, pragmatic, sometimes illegal actions by intelligence agencies — but they also show limits, internal debates, and failures. Those sources are why historians and journalists attribute certain outcomes to foreign policy choices, not to a single intentional global conspiracy.