Editing Openai/69186d20-2d14-8013-b9c6-c09000f173f6 (section)

=== Assistant: 2511152105ET ===
251115_2105ET

gloine

===== - gloine (fem.) 1. glass (material) 2. a glass / drinking glass (count noun) =====

Examples:
* gloine uisce – a glass of water
* an ghloine – the glass (material or a particular glass)
* fuinneog ghloine – a glass window
* briseadh an ghloine – the glass broke

===== Standard-ish: =====

: 
* Stress: on the first syllable: GLOI-ne.
* First syllable vowel oi is usually just /ɪ/ here; you don’t really get a full [oi].
* Broad/slender: - g, l are broad (/ɡˠ, l̪ˠ/) – nearest vowel on that side is o (broad). - n is slender (/nʲ/) – before e (slender).
* Final -e is schwa /ə/.

So roughly: “GLIN-uh” (with a dark /g, l/ and palatal /nʲ/).

===== - Gender: feminine. =====
* Nom. sg.: gloine - an ghloine (lenition after an, fem. sg.).
* Gen. sg.: gloine - dath na gloine – the colour of the glass.
* Nom. pl.: gloiní - na gloiní – the glasses.

You’ll see both “material” and “container” uses:
* material: gloine bhriste – broken glass
* container: dhá ghloine fíona – two glasses of wine.

===== What’s solid on the Celtic side: =====
'' Old Irish already has ''gloine* “glass”, same meaning as modern.
* Goidelic sisters: - Scottish Gaelic: gloinne “glass, a glass” - Manx: glion “glass”

So this is a Goidelic inherited word, not a recent English loan.

Wider IE context:
'' Form and meaning line up very neatly with the big “glass / green / shine” family from PIE ''ghel- “to shine; yellow/green”: - English glass, German Glas, Dutch glas, etc. - English yellow, Greek khlōrós “greenish”, Celtic glas “green/grey” all live in that family too.
'' It is very likely that Irish ''gloine'' is either: - an old Celtic reflex of that same ''ghel- root (via a Proto-Celtic noun “glass, shining stuff”), or - an early borrowing from Germanic “glass” into Celtic, from the same *ghel- etymon.

Without references in front of me I’m not going to pick one path, but for your purposes:

: 

===== Just to lock in the pattern: =====
* glo-: - g broad (nearest vowel o) - l broad (same)
* -in-: - n slender (nearest vowel e)
* Extra i is doing its usual Irish job of: - giving you a real short vowel in the stressed syllable /ɪ/, and - helping to set up the slender /nʲ/ later.

So: gloine = broad gl-, slender -nʲ-, first-syllable stress, one of the “visibly IE family” words where you can see the connection to glass / Glas once you strip away Irish-specific phonology.