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糖尿病
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=== 1型糖尿病 === 1型糖尿病(原称胰岛素依赖型糖尿病,青少年发病型糖尿病)多由自身免疫介导的胰腺β细胞破坏引起,导致体内胰岛素绝对缺乏 ( 新型基因疗法可逆转小鼠1型糖尿病-新华网 )。患者通常在儿童或青少年期发病,起病急,短期内即出现明显高血糖症状,需要依赖每日胰岛素注射才能生存 ( 糖尿病 )。1型糖尿病约占所有糖尿病病例的不足5%(2017年全球约有900万1型糖尿病患者) ( 糖尿病 ) ( 糖尿病 )。目前尚不完全清楚触发1型糖尿病的确切病因,也缺乏有效的干预手段来预防其发生 ( 糖尿病 )。由于1型糖尿病患者自身几乎不产生胰岛素,因此胰岛素治疗是其必需的治疗措施。
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