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Openai/69278a9d-71d8-800a-b431-8009c2ffdf4f
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=== 二、三大主軸(Macro Pillars) === ==== Pillar 1:能源與成本結構(Energy & Cost Structure) ==== ===== 俄烏戰爭的衝擊 ===== * 俄氣中斷 → 天然氣價格飆升 * 化工、鋼鐵、機械等耗能產業成本暴增 * 工廠外移(德國製造出現空洞化趨勢) ===== 川普新政的額外衝擊 ===== * 美國 LNG 更昂貴(美國出口價格不穩定) * 美歐貿易緊張 → 供應鏈不確定性增加 ➡ 結果:德國失去「低成本能源 + 高競爭力製造業」的傳統優勢 ==== Pillar 2:外貿與產業(Trade & Industrial Structure) ==== ===== 俄烏戰爭的衝擊 ===== * 東歐市場萎縮 * 大宗商品與半成品進口成本上升 * 全球供應鏈受干擾 ===== 川普新政的衝擊 ===== * 對歐關稅(汽車 25% 可能性) * 對德國製造業出口造成重大打擊 * 企業需調整供應鏈、增加投資成本 ➡ 結果:出口導向模式受威脅,產業面臨重新定位 ==== Pillar 3:安全、國防與地緣政治(Security & Geopolitics) ==== ===== 俄烏戰爭的衝擊 ===== * 歐洲安全環境急遽惡化 * 德國被迫大幅提高軍費支出(國防占 GDP 2%) * 大量難民湧入引發社會與預算壓力 ===== 川普新政的衝擊 ===== * 美國可能減少對 NATO 承諾 * 德國需承擔更多歐洲安全成本 * 歐洲必須走向戰略自主(但能力不足) ➡ 結果:德國財政負擔與地緣政治不確定性倍增
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