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Openai/69174844-9774-8012-8b69-32262ca5e35a
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=== Assistant: 非常好的问题。💡 === 非常好的问题。💡 ——这是很多半导体物理课学生都会纠结的核心点。 要真正回答清楚:肖特基接触和欧姆接触的本质区别,到底在势垒高度还是宽度? 我们必须区分: : ==== : ==== 换句话说: : ==== | | | | ==== | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | 电子能否通过势垒,有两种路径: # 爬过去(热激发) → 受 ΦB 控制; # 穿过去(量子隧穿) → 受 W 控制。 ==== | | | | | ==== | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 所以: * 欧姆接触出现的关键不是势垒“完全消失”,而是势垒宽度极小 → 隧穿几乎不受阻。 * 势垒高度即使仍有 0.5 eV,也可以通过隧穿形成欧姆接触(只要势垒足够薄)。 ==== ### ==== <syntaxhighlight>金属 | 半导体 EF ------------------------------ / / / ← 宽且高的势垒 ΦB </syntaxhighlight> ===== <syntaxhighlight>金属 | 半导体 (重掺杂) ===== EF ------------------------------ _/ ← 极薄势垒,电子可隧穿 </syntaxhighlight> ==== 即便势垒高度很低(例如 0.1 eV),如果半导体掺杂低(W 宽达几十 nm), ==== 电子仍需热激发才能通过势垒 → 仍表现为整流(肖特基)。 相反,即使势垒高(0.7 eV),若掺杂极高(W ≈ 2 nm),电子可直接隧穿 → 线性 I–V(欧姆)。 👉 所以:势垒宽度才是真正决定接触是否“欧姆”的核心因素。 ==== | | | | ==== | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ✅ 一句终极记忆: : 如果你愿意,我可以进一步推导出“势垒宽度临界值”与掺杂浓度、介电常数的定量关系(即欧姆接触条件:W≲3 nmW \lesssim 3~\text{nm}W≲3 nm → 求出对应 NDN_DND)。 要我做这个定量推导吗?
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