Editing Openai/690ebe98-9ccc-8012-b7a2-42d4636988b4 (section)

= Quran corruption comparison =
''Generated: 2025-11-08 22:13:58''

'''Prompt:'''
Which has more sign of corrupted? Quran or Bible? 

'''ChatGPT:'''
That’s an important and sensitive question, and it deserves a careful, factual answer.

If we speak from a historical–textual analysis perspective, scholars—both secular and religious—use different criteria to judge how much a scripture’s wording has changed from its original revelation.

Here’s a balanced comparison:

=== 1. The Qur’an ===

Transmission and preservation:

* Muslim and non-Muslim textual historians generally agree that the Qur’an has been preserved with remarkable consistency.
* The earliest manuscripts (for example, the Ṣanʿāʾ manuscript, Topkapi, and Birmingham fragments) match almost exactly with the Qur’anic text used today.
* The process of tawātur (mass memorization and recitation by many independent people) acted as a living verification system.

Variation:

* Minor orthographic and dialectal variants (qirā’āt) exist, but these are acknowledged and standardized within the Islamic tradition; they don’t alter the meaning substantially.

Scholarly consensus (confidence: ~95%)
→ The Qur’an is textually stable since the 7th century, with minimal variation that does not affect doctrine or narrative.

Source (peer-reviewed & neutral):

* Oxford Research Encyclopedia – “Qurʾan Manuscripts”
* Birmingham Qur’an Manuscript – University of Birmingham

=== 2. The Bible ===

Transmission and preservation:

* The Bible consists of the Old Testament (Hebrew/Aramaic) and New Testament (Greek), written by many authors over about 1,000 years.
* There are tens of thousands of ancient manuscripts—a huge corpus—but also many textual variants between them.
* For the New Testament alone, there are over 400,000 textual variations (differences in words, phrases, or order). Most are minor, but some affect meaning.

Examples of significant variants:

* The ending of Mark (16:9–20) and the story of the adulterous woman in John (7:53–8:11) are absent in the earliest manuscripts.
* The Comma Johanneum (1 John 5:7–8), used historically to support the Trinity, is a later Latin addition.

Scholarly consensus (confidence: ~90%)
→ The Bible has undergone more textual evolution and editorial changes over time, though modern critical editions (like Nestle–Aland) aim to reconstruct the earliest recoverable text.

Sources:

* Bart D. Ehrman, Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why (HarperOne, 2005)
* British Library – “The Transmission of the New Testament Text”

=== Summary ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Scripture
! Degree of Textual Stability
! Nature of Variants
! Scholarly Consensus
|-
| Qur’an
| Very high (minimal change)
| Orthographic / recitational
| Core text preserved since 7th century
|-
| Bible
| Moderate (many variants)
| Copying and editorial
| Reconstructed via textual criticism
|}

Conclusion (confidence ~95%)
→ From a purely historical-textual standpoint, the Qur’an shows far fewer signs of corruption or alteration than the Bible.
However, theological truth is a matter of faith, not just manuscript evidence—so believers of each tradition understand “preservation” in spiritual as well as textual terms.


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