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=== 海上安全规则 === 帆船航行涉及动荡的水面和多变的天气,安全必须时刻放在首位。遵守以下海上安全要点: * '''个人安全装备''':**救生衣(PFD)**必须人手一件并在航行时全程正确穿着,尤其在风浪大或气温低时更是保命装备。救生衣应选择合适尺寸,系紧所有扣带确保落水时不会脱落。夜航或能见度低时,救生衣上应配备哨子、闪光灯等信号装置以利搜救。 * '''值守与瞭望''':无论航行还是停泊,都要保持足够的瞭望。航行中每位船员都应时刻注意周围船只动向和水下礁石浮标。遵守国际海上避碰规则(COLREGs):机动船应给帆船让路,但不要因此放松,帆船也有责任采取避免碰撞行动。遇商船等大型船舶应及早让清,因为帆船灵活小巧,可以预见性规避。 * '''船员要求''':至少一人熟悉航行和应急操作。如果是多人航行,应'''明确分工''':谁掌舵、谁管前帆、谁负责应急等,并统一指挥口令。航行前进行安全简报,向全员说明救生衣位置、灭火器、急救包、VHF电台等的使用。严禁酒后航行或让无经验者独自掌舵长时间。 * '''浮具防护''':船上行动要'''一只手永远抓牢船'''(One hand for the ship),避免因船身摇晃跌倒落水。尽量不站在帆杆摆动路径或缭绳回转范围内,调整帆时提醒他人注意。必要时在船上系设'''安全绳/生命线''',船员用安全带挂在固定线上,尤其恶劣条件或夜晚值守可防止掉入海中。 * '''航行计划''':出航前向亲友或码头登记'''航行计划''',包括预计航线、返航时间和船上人数。一旦超时未归方便及时启动搜救。随身携带通信设备,如海事VHF无线电、卫星电话或手机(注意海上信号覆盖),在紧急情况下呼救。遇到危险可通过VHF16频道发送'''Mayday'''信号求救。
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