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Openai/693444d9-c740-800a-86c3-4f51b26be63e
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=== 一、各方人口趨勢要點(簡要) === * 中國:近年連續人口下降,生育率偏低,老年人口比例攀升,這將在中長期壓縮勞動力池、財政負擔與養老金壓力。短期內(5–15 年)仍有龐大軍事與經濟實力,但長期擴張的速度與深度會受制於人口與經濟結構問題。Reuters<ref>{{cite web|title=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-population-falls-third-consecutive-year-2025-01-17/|publisher=reuters.com|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> * 日本:出生率與人口數創新低,超高齡化將長期限制人力與消費型態,促使日本更仰賴自動化、外國勞工與安全同盟(尤其美日)。衛報<ref>{{cite web|title=衛報|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jun/05/japan-records-lowest-number-of-births-in-more-than-a-century-as-population-fears-grow|publisher=theguardian.com|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> * 台灣:低生育、人口持續衰減,但科技(半導體)/經濟影響力高;人口脆弱性會使台灣更依賴外部安全保證與科技優勢作為「戰略籌碼」。台北時報<ref>{{cite web|title=台北時報|url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2025/01/10/2003829986|publisher=taipeitimes.com|date=2025-01-10|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> * 美國:雖然整體也面臨低生育,但移民來源與多樣化使其人口與勞動市場較為韌性,長期仍保持軍工、科技與全球投射能力。cbo.gov<ref>{{cite web|title=cbo.gov|url=https://www.cbo.gov/publication/61164|publisher=cbo.gov|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> (以上描述是現況與可觀察的官方數據與研究匯總。)
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