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如何用AI做设计
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=== 提示词优化方法(Prompt Engineering) === 在使用诸如Midjourney、DALL·E这类生成式AI时,**提示词 engineering(提示工程)**是一项核心技能。优化提示词可以极大提升AI输出的相关性和质量。新手可参考以下方法: * '''明确而具体''':使用简洁且具体的语言描述所需内容。 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)研究表明,包含更多细节的提示有助于AI更好理解意图,但要避免冗长。以Midjourney为例,超过一定长度后附加的文字将被忽略 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)。因此要抓住重点,用词精准。 * '''丰富的描述维度''':尽量从多个角度描述期望的效果,包括颜色、形状、材质、风格、情绪等 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)。如:“一张温暖阳光下的客厅照片,采用北欧极简风格,白色墙面,木质家具,绿色植物点缀”。这样的描述比单一句“客厅”要好得多。 * '''避免歧义''':使用清晰明确的词汇,避免可能引起误解的表达 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)。例如,不要用代词指代不清的对象;尽量用规范的设计术语。 * '''分阶段试验''':可以采取'''迭代试验'''的方法 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)。先给出初步提示,看AI输出效果,再逐步在提示中加入或调整元素。每次改变后观察输出有什么变化,从而摸索出影响结果的关键因素 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)。 * '''使用参考图像''':很多图像生成AI支持提供参考图(image prompt)。如果有特定风格或构图的参考,用图像作为辅助手段能提高输出接近预期的概率 (The Best AI Image Generators: DALL-E vs Midjourney vs Others)。例如上传一张喜欢的海报风格图,请AI“生成类似风格的新主题海报”。 * '''善用高级参数''':一些AI工具提供高级控制,如权重和负面提示词等。给提示词中的特定关键词增加权重,可以强调这些要素在结果中的呈现 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp);加入'''负面提示词'''则可以明确告诉AI排除某些不希望出现的内容 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp)(例如“--no text”来避免图中出现文字 (How to Use Midjourney: A Comprehensive Guide to AI-Generated Artwork Creation | DataCamp))。 * '''模式和实例学习''':可以参考社区中他人的优秀提示词范例来学习。很多AI生成社区(如Midjourney官方社区)分享了'''Prompt案例''',新手可以尝试在这些基础上修改,以理解提示词各部分对结果的影响。 通过不断练习和总结,提示词撰写会越来越得心应手,从而最大限度发挥AI工具的威力。
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