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=== Assistant: 好,這一題用「列出常用對數(log₁₀)」來比對,會更符合考試直覺,也能看出命題者的陷阱 👍 === 好,這一題用「列出常用對數(log₁₀)」來比對,會更符合考試直覺,也能看出命題者的陷阱 👍 我們就完全用 log 的方式重做一次。 ==== 題目給: ==== x=10n/10,N=⌊x⌋x = 10^{n/10},\quad N=\lfloor x \rfloorx=10n/10,N=⌊x⌋ 這等價於: N≤10n/10<N+1N \le 10^{n/10} < N+1N≤10n/10<N+1 兩邊取常用對數: logN≤n10<log(N+1)\log N \le \frac{n}{10} < \log(N+1)logN≤10n<log(N+1) 也就是: 10logN≤n<10log(N+1)10\log N \le n < 10\log(N+1)10logN≤n<10log(N+1) 👉 只要把常用對數表列出來,就能直接判斷 n 的落點 ==== log1=0log2≈0.3010log3≈0.4771log4≈0.6021log5≈0.6990log6≈0.7782log7≈0.8451log8≈0.9031log9≈0.9542log10=1\begin{aligned} ==== \log 1 &= 0 \\ \log 2 &\approx 0.3010 \\ \log 3 &\approx 0.4771 \\ \log 4 &\approx 0.6021 \\ \log 5 &\approx 0.6990 \\ \log 6 &\approx 0.7782 \\ \log 7 &\approx 0.8451 \\ \log 8 &\approx 0.9031 \\ \log 9 &\approx 0.9542 \\ \log 10 &= 1 \end{aligned}log1log2log3log4log5log6log7log8log9log10=0≈0.3010≈0.4771≈0.6021≈0.6990≈0.7782≈0.8451≈0.9031≈0.9542=1 乘以 10(因為是 n/10): | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ==== ### ==== 0≤n<3.010⇒n=0,1,2,30 \le n < 3.010 \Rightarrow n=0,1,2,30≤n<3.010⇒n=0,1,2,3 ===== 3.010≤n<4.771⇒n=43.010 \le n < 4.771 \Rightarrow n=43.010≤n<4.771⇒n=4 ===== ===== - N=3 → n=5 ===== * N=5 → n=7 * N=6 → n=8 * N=7 → n=9 👉 注意:N=4 完全沒有整數 n 命中(大陷阱) ==== ### ==== 互生 n=0,1,2,3 → 4/10 ❌ 錯(40%) ===== 對生只有 n=4 ===== ❌ 錯 ===== 3.010≤4<4.7713.010 \le 4 < 4.7713.010≤4<4.771 ===== ✔ 對 ===== E=0+1+2+34=1.5E=\frac{0+1+2+3}{4}=1.5E=40+1+2+3=1.5 ===== ✔ 對 ===== log 判斷: ===== * n=6 落在 N=3 區間 * 沒有任何 n 對應 N=4 ❌ 錯 ==== 👉 不是指數計算,而是: ==== # 常用對數大小比較 # 10a<k10^{a}<k10a<k ⇔ a<logka<\log ka<logk # 「整數落點」與「空區間」陷阱 # 無條件捨去造成的 N 缺值(N=4 不存在) ===== : ===== 如果你想,我也可以幫你改寫成 📌「學測/分科考標準解答版」或 📌「學生最容易中陷阱的錯解示範」
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