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Openai/6783e979-fa1b-48a4-a59f-bfe4c3d7ceca
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===== Overview of Cysteine in Biological Systems ===== Cysteine (Cys) is a critical amino acid in proteins due to its unique thiol (-SH) side chain, which makes it highly reactive and capable of undergoing a variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Although cysteine is one of the least abundant amino acids, it is often highly conserved in proteins, particularly in regions crucial for catalysis, protein stability, and redox regulation. The reactivity of cysteine is influenced by its local environment, including pKa, nearby amino acids, and metal ions, which can enhance its nucleophilicity and thus its reactivity.
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